{"id":4424,"date":"2023-04-04T12:44:49","date_gmt":"2023-04-04T12:44:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/?p=4424"},"modified":"2024-12-22T23:57:16","modified_gmt":"2024-12-22T13:57:16","slug":"demand-for-timber-to-increase-fourfold-by-2050-where-is-the-wood","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/demand-for-timber-to-increase-fourfold-by-2050-where-is-the-wood\/","title":{"rendered":"Demand for Timber to Increase Fourfold by 2050: Where is the Wood?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>That was the main takeaway from <a href=\"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wood-you-like-to-know-esg-and-sustainability-takes-centre-stage\/\">Dr Michael Berger\u2019s address to an Australian conference last week<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As <a href=\"http:\/\/www,pefc.org.au\">CEO of PEFC International<\/a>, the world\u2019s largest forest certification scheme, Dr Berger is across the challenges of resource availability \u2013 his concerns substantiated by recent reports published by the World Bank and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/family-farming\/detail\/es\/c\/1633694\/\">FAO<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Driven by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.investmentmonitor.ai\/cities\/africa-new-cities-talent-continent-urbanisation\">urbanisation<\/a>, decarbonisation and housing demand, specifically in the developing world, timber is increasingly replacing steel, aluminium and concrete according to a recent report by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.investmentmonitor.ai\/features\/net-zero-drive-up-global-demand-timber-forests\/\">Investment Monitor.<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.pefc.org\">PEFC <\/a>(9%) and <a href=\"http:\/\/fsc.org\">FSC <\/a>(4%) <a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.pefc.org\/pefc.org\/media\/2023-02\/f7932a4a-a02b-4c2d-9d1a-5c3aaf1b96cb\/b90c33ef-2e5e-533c-beec-de5d4e2eb1e1.pdf\">collectively account for around 13%<\/a> of the world\u2019s total forest area \u2013 and for more than 20 years forest certification has provided a &#8216;green pathway&#8217; for timber products to demonstrate sustainable credentials.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-embed-handler wp-block-embed-embed-handler wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"youtube-embed\" data-video_id=\"IZxwXrgk0iw\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Timber business &#039;booming&#039; as global demand soars\" width=\"696\" height=\"392\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/IZxwXrgk0iw?feature=oembed&#038;enablejsapi=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Demand for timber-based products is surging, and has been largely driven by housing and economic growth in emerging markets. Footage courtesy of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@aljazeeraenglish\">@aljazeeraenglish<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>With the suspension of Russia and Belarus from both certification schemes, and with a number of countries <a href=\"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/australias-battle-against-conflict-timber-illegal-imports-and-falsified-documentation\/\">including the United Kingdom and European Union banning the outright import of all timber from both countries,<\/a> the Ukraine invasion has exacerbated the challenge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If we take FSC for example, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.investmentmonitor.ai\/features\/net-zero-drive-up-global-demand-timber-forests\/\">the decision to suspend Russia and Belarus resulted in the total supply of FSC certified forests contracting by almost 35% since March 2022<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For PEFC the number was around 15%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Russia is the world&#8217;s largest softwood export market, at the time of the Ukraine invasion more than <a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.pefc.org\/pefc.org\/media\/2023-02\/f7932a4a-a02b-4c2d-9d1a-5c3aaf1b96cb\/b90c33ef-2e5e-533c-beec-de5d4e2eb1e1.pdf\">20m hectares of Russia forest area was dual-certified by FSC and PEFC.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In total this represented almost 25% of the world&#8217;s dual certified forest area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And that only considers area that has been taken out of the global markets for certified forest products, not the <a href=\"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/the-soils-of-war\/\">long-term degradation of forests caused by the conflict<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/record-shipments-of-russian-timber-arrive-via-china-to-ease-timber-squeeze-industry-claims\/\">record shipments of Russian timber using third parties to contravene trade bans. <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So where will the long-term supply come from?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Expansion of commercial forest production in new markets<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>The first option is the expansion of commercial forest production into emerging markets \u2013 specifically Africa, the Middle East, and the Oceanic regions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.investmentmonitor.ai\/features\/net-zero-drive-up-global-demand-timber-forests\/\">According to Investment Monitor<\/a>, the majority of timber supply are &#8216;softwoods&#8217; from temperate forests in the northern hemisphere (specifically Canada, the USA, northern Europe and Russia) and plantations in Oceania (Australia and New Zealand). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Whether emerging markets have the infrastructure to establish effective plantations &#8211; let alone certified forests &#8211; is a challenge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A quick scan of the <a href=\"https:\/\/connect.fsc.org\/impact\/facts-figures\">FSC <\/a>and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pefc.org\/\">PEFC-certified maps<\/a> identifies where the challenges lie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The vast majority of growth in certification over the past 10-to-15 years has been in \u2018dual certification\u2019 where an FSC-certification scheme has been established in a PEFC country and vice versa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-embed-handler wp-block-embed-embed-handler wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"youtube-embed\" data-video_id=\"Ia1ZZol0CeM\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The power of sustainable forests | Kathy Abusow | TEDxWilmington\" width=\"696\" height=\"392\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Ia1ZZol0CeM?feature=oembed&#038;enablejsapi=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Forest Certification, specifically FSC and PEFC certification, plays an important role in the development of commercial forest markets and the global export of forest products. Footage courtesy of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@TEDx\">@Tedx<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>According to a well-placed source:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cFSC and PEFC have set up schemes in all the countries that have the infrastructure, the challenge is to now invest in the regions that do not have sufficient infrastructure to support certification.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ultimately forest certification can be expensive business \u2013 local offices need to be established, accreditation and certification bodies need to be recognised and that\u2019s before a licensed auditor assesses the sustainable practices in the forest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Even still, it\u2019s unlikely that an increase in global forests certified will meet the escalating demand for timber.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What about bamboo and other grass-related products?<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>Increasingly bamboo and other grass-related forest products (including hemp) <a href=\"https:\/\/bioresources.cnr.ncsu.edu\/resources\/bamboo-as-a-valuable-resource-and-its-utilization-in-historical-and-modern-day-china\/\">have been identified as viable alternatives to timber.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Last week, <a href=\"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/report-international-mass-timber-conference-smashes-records\/\">Michael Green in the keynote address at the International Mass Timber Conference in Portland<\/a> discussed the value of bamboo in meeting demand for timber in countries that either lack forest or have severely threatened forest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Huge parts of the world either don&#8217;t have forests or have super-threatened forests and wooden buildings are not a good solution to the stock from sustainable forestry,&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/mass-timber-a-significant-step-not-the-final-destination\/\">Mr Green told Dezeen last month.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;So, the work we&#8217;re doing now is focused on grasses, bamboo, and other plants, as well as trees.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-embed-handler wp-block-embed-embed-handler wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"youtube-embed\" data-video_id=\"Xi_PD5aZT7Q\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Michael Green: Why we should build wooden skyscrapers\" width=\"696\" height=\"392\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Xi_PD5aZT7Q?feature=oembed&#038;enablejsapi=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">In 2013 Michael Green gave one of the most famous lectures on timber skyscrapers. Footage courtesy of<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@TED\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&nbsp;@TED<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Bamboo can replenish itself much faster than timber, does not need pesticides, can be farmed on existing farmland, and can be used for food as well as building products.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In fact, more than 80% of the world\u2019s bamboo species are found in Asia &#8211; in regions which are not conducive to softwood plantations &#8211; the main driver of the surge in demand for timber.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It can now be certified under <a href=\"https:\/\/fsc.org\/en\/newscentre\/fsc-revisits-integrity-of-bamboo-supply-chains\">FSC <\/a>and \/ or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pefc.org\/news\/pefc-bamboo-and-rattan-towards-meeting-the-sdgs-and-the-bonn-challenge-together\">PEFC <\/a>and was recently showcased as part of Wood Central\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/panama-treetops-bamboo-recovered-hardwoods-for-unforgettable-stay\/\">\u201cPanama Treetops: Bamboo &amp; Recovered Hardwoods for Unforgettable Stay\u201d <\/a>case study.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-embed-handler wp-block-embed-embed-handler wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"youtube-embed\" data-video_id=\"kK_UjBmHqQw\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Magical houses, made of bamboo | Elora Hardy\" width=\"696\" height=\"392\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kK_UjBmHqQw?feature=oembed&#038;enablejsapi=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Elora Hardy\u2019s Tedx Talk on Magical houses, made of bamboo follows Tedx Talk\u2019s about \u2018Houses Made of Grass\u2019 and \u2018Building a sustainable (bamboo) future. Footage courtesy of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@TEDx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">@Tedx<\/a>.<br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Whilst bamboo is part of the solution it is not the solution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bamboo is heavily reliant on water \u2013 and whilst it is highly effective as an agricultural crop in areas of natural high waterfall, farming bamboo in areas heavily reliant on irrigation can be harmful to the environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Can we convert fibre from pulp for paper to value-added mass timber products?<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>Another option is to convert pulp intended to be used in paper production to mass timber products.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/iStock-177429816-750x422-1.jpg\" alt=\"Pulpwood used in paper and packaging could be converted into woodchip and converted into high-value laminated veneer lumber products,\" class=\"wp-image-4427\" srcset=\"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/iStock-177429816-750x422-1.jpg 750w, https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/iStock-177429816-750x422-1-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/iStock-177429816-750x422-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/iStock-177429816-750x422-1-696x392.jpg 696w, https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/iStock-177429816-750x422-1-746x420.jpg 746w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Pulpwood used in paper and packaging could be converted into woodchip and converted into high-value laminated veneer lumber products. (Photo Credit: 27180511)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In Australia, it\u2019s estimated that a 5-10% conversion of fibre intended for pulp for woodchip could <a href=\"https:\/\/www.agriculture.gov.au\/abares\/research-topics\/forests\/forest-economics\/forest-wood-products-statistics\">address the country\u2019s deficit in timber products.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And the technology has been around for decades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During the mid-1980\u2019s, the <a href=\"https:\/\/csiropedia.csiro.au\/scrimber-1985\/\">CSIRO Division of Chemical and Wood Technology developed a pilot-scale plant producing \u2018Scrimber\u2019<\/a> &#8211; a reconstituted timber product, for structural use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The technology took low-value radiata pine and produced higher-value laminated-veneer-lumber for engineered beams.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ultimately the worse the fibre, the better you can reconstitute it and create a higher valued product.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>40 years later, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bfh.ch\/en\/news\/news\/2022\/scrimber-award-for-innovative-timber-construction-product\/\">the technology is being embraced by companies across the world looking to upcycle inexpensive timber products. &nbsp;<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Whilst the technology has massive potential, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/industries\/paper-forest-products-and-packaging\/our-insights\/2022-and-beyond-for-the-packaging-industrys-ceos-the-priorities-for-resilience\">global the demand for paper-based packaging is expected is explode over the next 30 years.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Substituting pulp for chip to meet the demand for timber, by itself, is not a feasible global solution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What about waste and landfill?<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>According to another well-placed source, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paulsrubbish.com.au\/timber-waste-how-we-manage-it\/#:~:text=According%20to%20estimates%2C%20nearly%202%20million%20cubic%20meters,by%20at%20least%20238%20cubic%20meters%20per%20year.\">up to 2m cubic metres of wood-based material ends up in Australian landfill.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe need to find a way divert wood-based materials from landfill.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cCertain waste-based products could be reused for particle board and could be converted into high-value structural products,\u201d the source told Wood Central.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Timber that cannot be recycled, often ends up in biomass &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.nsw.gov.au\/your-environment\/recycling-and-reuse\/business-government-recycling\/what-can-business-recycle\/timber-waste\">an energy source that emits 50 times less emissions than black coal combustion<\/a> and 30 times less emissions than natural gas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/treesource.org\/news\/climate\/negative-carbon-world\/\">But could more timber be salvaged and reused?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-embed-handler wp-block-embed-embed-handler wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"youtube-embed\" data-video_id=\"FJYs12OvBaU\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Turning wood into recycled materials\" width=\"696\" height=\"392\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/FJYs12OvBaU?feature=oembed&#038;enablejsapi=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Wood destined for landfill can be reused &#8211; and increasingly biomass has received attention. However, a lot of timber that ends up in waste or used in biomass can be reused as particleboard and converted into high-value structural products like laminated veneer lumber. Footage courtesy of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@ktvb7\">@ktvb7<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Absolutely, but it would require a major transformation in technology&#8221; the source said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ultimately this is the circular economy in action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The circular economy is a model of production and consumption, which involves amongst other things, sharing, reusing, repairing, refurbishing, and recycling existing materials and products to extend its lifecycle as long as possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In practice, it implies reducing waste to a minimum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In November 2022, <a href=\"https:\/\/minister.dcceew.gov.au\/plibersek\/media-releases\/new-expert-group-guide-australias-transition-circular-economy\">the Australian Government committed to a fully circular economy by 2030 <\/a>and last week, <a href=\"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/the-national-reconstruction-fund-up-to-500m-for-forestry\/\">the Australian Government passed its Natural Reconstruction Fund which allocated up to $500m to forestry and fibre businesses committed to transition to renewables and embrace the circular economy.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThis is an important part of the mix, but it\u2019s not the solution either,\u201d the source said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Keep working forests working\u2026<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>During the recent International Day of Forests, <a href=\"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/history-importance-benefits-international-day-of-forests-2023\/\">the FAO acknowledged the importance of forests for health.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Late last year, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.undp.org\/blog\/forests-natural-solution-climate-change-crucial-sustainable-future\">FAO identified working forests as the natural solution to fight climate change <\/a>\u2013 with low embodied timber driving the surge in demand for timber.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cUltimately we need to plant more trees, keep sustainable forests working and stop converting forests to agricultural lands,\u201d a source told Wood Central.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Supporting this, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bcg.com\/press\/9june2020-the-staggering-value-of-forests-and-how-to-save-them\">Boston Consulting Group (BCG)<\/a> has identified a number of threats to forests &#8211; land-use changes, specifically conversion of working forests; rising global temperatures; unsustainable logging; abiotic disturbances such as wildfires; and biotic disturbances such as the spread of pests and disease all feature prominently. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.investmentmonitor.ai\/features\/net-zero-drive-up-global-demand-timber-forests\/\">According to Investment Monitor<\/a>, plantations make up around 3% of the global forested area &#8211; and has jumped by more than 40% over the past two decades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Planting more trees is crucial, <a href=\"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/stop-the-burning-fossil-fuels-are-the-big-enemy-but-lets-help-our-forests-thrive\/\">in a recent article for Wood Central, Southeast Asia Reporter Ken Hickson<\/a> spoke of the sustainably managed forests, certified to PEFC and FSC certification, in reducing our reliance on fossil fuels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ultimately there is no single solution to meet the future demand for timber, however, in combination, supply of timber or forest-based alternatives can be strengthened to meet demand. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>That was the main takeaway from Dr Michael Berger\u2019s address to an Australian conference last week. As CEO of PEFC International, the world\u2019s largest forest certification scheme, Dr Berger is across the challenges of resource availability \u2013 his concerns substantiated by recent reports published by the World Bank and FAO. Driven by&nbsp;urbanisation, decarbonisation and housing [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4411,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_wpscppro_dont_share_socialmedia":false,"_wpscppro_custom_social_share_image":0,"_facebook_share_type":"","_twitter_share_type":"","_linkedin_share_type":"","_pinterest_share_type":"","_linkedin_share_type_page":"","_instagram_share_type":"","_medium_share_type":"","_threads_share_type":"","_google_business_share_type":"","_selected_social_profile":[],"_wpsp_enable_custom_social_template":false,"_wpsp_social_scheduling":{"enabled":false,"datetime":null,"platforms":[],"status":"template_only","dateOption":"today","timeOption":"now","customDays":"","customHours":"","customDate":"","customTime":"","schedulingType":"absolute"},"_wpsp_active_default_template":true},"categories":[33,32,46,45,44],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[69],"class_list":{"0":"post-4424","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-editors-picks","8":"category-global-news","9":"category-industry","10":"category-sustainability","11":"category-sustainable-forest-management"},"authors":[{"term_id":69,"user_id":1,"is_guest":0,"slug":"woodcentral","display_name":"Wood Central","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MASTER-BRAND-MARK_POS_RGB-e1676449549955.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MASTER-BRAND-MARK_POS_RGB-e1676449549955.jpg"},"0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":"","8":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4424","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4424"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4424\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22927,"href":"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4424\/revisions\/22927"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4411"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4424"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4424"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4424"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/woodcentral.com.au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=4424"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}